股(gu)票代碼：正丹股(gu)份 (300641)
股(gu)票代碼：正丹股(gu)份 (300641)
市場上有些(xie)證券從業人(ren)(ren)員以專業炒股(gu)、承諾保底收(shou)(shou)益、約定(ding)收(shou)(shou)益分成(cheng)等手段，騙得客戶信(xin)任，從而私(si)下為投資(zi)者做資(zi)產管理(li)，進行違規代(dai)客理(li)財活動。然而當出現投資(zi)損失后，常(chang)常(chang)引發矛盾糾紛，從業人(ren)(ren)員代(dai)客理(li)財違規事實也會浮出水面。
某券(quan)(quan)商營(ying)業(ye)(ye)(ye)部前員(yuan)工A（持(chi)證(zheng)(zheng)券(quan)(quan)經紀(ji)人執業(ye)(ye)(ye)證(zheng)(zheng)書）私下與該(gai)營(ying)業(ye)(ye)(ye)部客戶B簽訂合(he)作(zuo)理(li)財協議(yi)，約定(ding)由(you)其(qi)(qi)(qi)對客戶賬戶內60萬資(zi)金進行證(zheng)(zheng)券(quan)(quan)買賣操作(zuo)，委托(tuo)期限為(wei)(wei)12個月(yue)（2015年(nian)3月(yue)17日至2016年(nian)3月(yue)17日）。合(he)同期內，賬戶如產生超過20%盈利(li)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)享有盈利(li)部分(fen)的(de)(de)20%，若(ruo)盈利(li)不超過20%則(ze)盈利(li)全(quan)部為(wei)(wei)客戶所有；如虧損超過20%，客戶有權終止該(gai)協議(yi)或(huo)讓其(qi)(qi)(qi)免費(fei)為(wei)(wei)其(qi)(qi)(qi)服務直(zhi)到盈利(li)為(wei)(wei)止。后因(yin)賬戶虧損較嚴重，雙方提前終止協議(yi)。從(cong)(cong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)人員(yuan)A已(yi)向當地證(zheng)(zheng)監(jian)(jian)局書面承認上述違規(gui)事(shi)實。A某擅自(zi)代理(li)客戶從(cong)(cong)事(shi)證(zheng)(zheng)券(quan)(quan)投(tou)資(zi)理(li)財，并約定(ding)分(fen)享投(tou)資(zi)收(shou)益，其(qi)(qi)(qi)行為(wei)(wei)已(yi)經構(gou)成代客理(li)財行為(wei)(wei)，違反《證(zheng)(zheng)券(quan)(quan)法》《證(zheng)(zheng)券(quan)(quan)經紀(ji)人管理(li)暫行規(gui)定(ding)》《證(zheng)(zheng)券(quan)(quan)經紀(ji)人執業(ye)(ye)(ye)規(gui)范（試(shi)行）》及《證(zheng)(zheng)券(quan)(quan)從(cong)(cong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)人員(yuan)執業(ye)(ye)(ye)行為(wei)(wei)準則(ze)》，證(zheng)(zheng)監(jian)(jian)局對其(qi)(qi)(qi)采(cai)取出(chu)具警示函的(de)(de)行政監(jian)(jian)管措(cuo)施(shi)。中(zhong)國證(zheng)(zheng)券(quan)(quan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)協會依據《自(zi)律(lv)(lv)(lv)監(jian)(jian)察案(an)件(jian)辦(ban)(ban)理(li)規(gui)則(ze)》和(he)《自(zi)律(lv)(lv)(lv)管理(li)措(cuo)施(shi)和(he)紀(ji)律(lv)(lv)(lv)處分(fen)實施(shi)辦(ban)(ban)法》有關規(gui)定(ding)，對證(zheng)(zheng)券(quan)(quan)從(cong)(cong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)人員(yuan)A采(cai)取了紀(ji)律(lv)(lv)(lv)處分(fen)措(cuo)施(shi)。而投(tou)資(zi)者B某因(yin)為(wei)(wei)盲目相信從(cong)(cong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)人員(yuan)A某的(de)(de)承諾，最終自(zi)身(shen)財產遭到了侵害(hai)。
證(zheng)(zheng)券從業人員代客(ke)(ke)理財是指證(zheng)(zheng)券公司員工私下接受客(ke)(ke)戶(hu)委托，擅自代理客(ke)(ke)戶(hu)從事證(zheng)(zheng)券投資理財的行為。
《證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)券法》第一(yi)百四(si)十三條(tiao)規(gui)定(ding)，證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)券公司(si)辦理經紀業務，不(bu)(bu)得接受客戶(hu)的(de)(de)全權委(wei)托而決定(ding)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)券買賣、選(xuan)擇(ze)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)券種(zhong)類、決定(ding)買賣數(shu)量或者買賣價格；第一(yi)百四(si)十四(si)條(tiao)規(gui)定(ding)，證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)券公司(si)不(bu)(bu)得以任(ren)何方式對(dui)客戶(hu)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)券買賣的(de)(de)收(shou)益或者賠償證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)券買賣的(de)(de)損失作出承諾；第一(yi)百四(si)十五條(tiao)規(gui)定(ding)，證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)券公司(si)及其(qi)從業人員(yuan)不(bu)(bu)得未經過其(qi)依法設(she)立的(de)(de)營業場所私(si)下接受客戶(hu)委(wei)托買賣證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)券。
《證(zheng)券(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)經(jing)紀人管理暫行規(gui)定(ding)(ding)》（以下(xia)簡稱《暫行規(gui)定(ding)(ding)》）第十三條(tiao)規(gui)定(ding)(ding)，證(zheng)券(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)經(jing)紀人應當(dang)在(zai)本(ben)規(gui)定(ding)(ding)第十一(yi)條(tiao)規(gui)定(ding)(ding)和(he)證(zheng)券(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)公司授(shou)權的范圍內執業，不得有(you)下(xia)列行為：（一(yi)）替(ti)客(ke)戶(hu)辦(ban)理賬戶(hu)開立、注銷、轉移，證(zheng)券(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)認購、交易(yi)或者(zhe)資金存取、劃轉、查詢等事宜(yi)；……（三）與客(ke)戶(hu)約(yue)定(ding)(ding)分(fen)享(xiang)投(tou)資收(shou)益(yi)，對客(ke)戶(hu)證(zheng)券(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)買賣的收(shou)益(yi)或者(zhe)賠償(chang)證(zheng)券(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)買賣的損失作出承諾。
《證(zheng)(zheng)券(quan)(quan)經紀(ji)人執業規(gui)(gui)(gui)范(fan)（試行(xing)(xing)）》第(di)二(er)十條(tiao)規(gui)(gui)(gui)定，證(zheng)(zheng)券(quan)(quan)經紀(ji)人應(ying)在《暫行(xing)(xing)規(gui)(gui)(gui)定》第(di)十一條(tiao)規(gui)(gui)(gui)定和所服(fu)務證(zheng)(zheng)券(quan)(quan)公(gong)司(si)授權的范(fan)圍內執業，不得有《暫行(xing)(xing)規(gui)(gui)(gui)定》第(di)十三(san)條(tiao)禁止(zhi)的行(xing)(xing)為；第(di)三(san)十二(er)條(tiao)規(gui)(gui)(gui)定，證(zheng)(zheng)券(quan)(quan)公(gong)司(si)的員工(gong)從事證(zheng)(zheng)券(quan)(quan)經紀(ji)業務營銷活動，參照該規(gui)(gui)(gui)范(fan)執行(xing)(xing)。
《證券從(cong)(cong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)人員執業(ye)(ye)(ye)行(xing)為準則》第一條規(gui)定(ding)，從(cong)(cong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)人員應自(zi)覺(jue)遵守(shou)“所在機構的規(gui)章制度以(yi)及行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)公認的職(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)道德和(he)行(xing)為準則”的規(gui)定(ding)。
從(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)這個(ge)案例(li)我們可以(yi)(yi)看(kan)出，投(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)者(zhe)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)要(yao)明確區分證(zheng)(zheng)券(quan)(quan)(quan)公司(si)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)管(guan)理(li)(li)業(ye)務與從(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)業(ye)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)違(wei)規(gui)(gui)代(dai)客(ke)理(li)(li)財(cai)行為(wei)(wei)。依(yi)據《證(zheng)(zheng)券(quan)(quan)(quan)公司(si)監(jian)督管(guan)理(li)(li)條例(li)》第四十五條的規(gui)(gui)定(ding)，證(zheng)(zheng)券(quan)(quan)(quan)公司(si)可以(yi)(yi)依(yi)照(zhao)(zhao)《證(zheng)(zheng)券(quan)(quan)(quan)法(fa)》和本條例(li)的規(gui)(gui)定(ding)，從(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)事(shi)接受客(ke)戶(hu)的委托、使用客(ke)戶(hu)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)進(jin)行投(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的證(zheng)(zheng)券(quan)(quan)(quan)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)管(guan)理(li)(li)業(ye)務。投(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)所產(chan)(chan)生的收(shou)益由(you)客(ke)戶(hu)享有(you)，損失由(you)客(ke)戶(hu)承擔，證(zheng)(zheng)券(quan)(quan)(quan)公司(si)可以(yi)(yi)按照(zhao)(zhao)約定(ding)收(shou)取管(guan)理(li)(li)費用。證(zheng)(zheng)券(quan)(quan)(quan)公司(si)從(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)事(shi)證(zheng)(zheng)券(quan)(quan)(quan)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)管(guan)理(li)(li)業(ye)務，應當與客(ke)戶(hu)簽訂(ding)證(zheng)(zheng)券(quan)(quan)(quan)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)管(guan)理(li)(li)合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)，約定(ding)投(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)范圍、投(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)比例(li)、管(guan)理(li)(li)期限及管(guan)理(li)(li)費用等事(shi)項。證(zheng)(zheng)券(quan)(quan)(quan)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)管(guan)理(li)(li)業(ye)務屬(shu)于(yu)公司(si)行為(wei)(wei)，以(yi)(yi)證(zheng)(zheng)券(quan)(quan)(quan)公司(si)為(wei)(wei)主體與投(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)者(zhe)書面(mian)簽署(shu)相(xiang)關(guan)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)管(guan)理(li)(li)合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)。而從(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)業(ye)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)代(dai)客(ke)理(li)(li)財(cai)屬(shu)于(yu)從(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)業(ye)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)個(ge)人(ren)(ren)(ren)行為(wei)(wei)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般是從(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)業(ye)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)與投(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)者(zhe)私下(xia)(xia)簽署(shu)相(xiang)關(guan)合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)或口頭約定(ding)相(xiang)關(guan)內容。目前證(zheng)(zheng)券(quan)(quan)(quan)公司(si)嚴禁從(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)業(ye)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)從(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)事(shi)違(wei)規(gui)(gui)代(dai)客(ke)理(li)(li)財(cai)活動，采(cai)取了一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)系(xi)列嚴密防(fang)范措施，并在(zai)對投(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)者(zhe)進(jin)行電話回訪過程中進(jin)行了充分的風(feng)險揭示。在(zai)這樣的情(qing)況下(xia)(xia)，如果投(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)者(zhe)仍(reng)然私下(xia)(xia)委托從(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)業(ye)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)為(wei)(wei)其(qi)理(li)(li)財(cai)，則一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般認定(ding)為(wei)(wei)從(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)業(ye)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的個(ge)人(ren)(ren)(ren)行為(wei)(wei)，投(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)者(zhe)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)旦(dan)因違(wei)規(gui)(gui)代(dai)客(ke)理(li)(li)財(cai)產(chan)(chan)生虧損，投(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)者(zhe)只能(neng)向從(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)業(ye)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)主張權利。
投資者不能盲(mang)目(mu)相信從業(ye)人(ren)員違法承諾，應保(bao)持理性(xing)投資理念，努(nu)力提(ti)高自身專業(ye)知識與經驗。投資者只有(you)(you)通過不斷(duan)(duan)(duan)地學習(xi)，了解(jie)證券市場各類(lei)業(ye)務(wu)規則、產品，分析(xi)市場信息、進行(xing)獨立(li)判斷(duan)(duan)(duan)，不斷(duan)(duan)(duan)積累投資經驗，才能有(you)(you)效(xiao)地防范風險、獲取(qu)投資收益(yi)。
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